Perancangan Model Wind Turbine Hybrid Vertical Axis dan Horizontal Axis Sebagai Penghasil Energi Alternatif Untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan

Abstract

The Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) has the ability to start operating at low wind speeds but produces limited power output, while the Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) can generate higher power at high wind speeds but is less efficient under turbulent wind conditions. In reality, wind flows from various directions, meaning this potential can still be optimally utilized in wind energy management. This study discusses the design of a hybrid wind turbine model that combines both vertical and horizontal axis types as an alternative energy generator supporting food security. The research method involves modeling and experimental testing of conventional VAWT and HAWT turbines. The output data from each turbine is then compared with the hybrid model to evaluate improvements in performance and efficiency. The combination of both turbines in the hybrid configuration takes advantage of each system’s strengths, resulting in more consistent power output and an improved Coefficient of Performance (Cp) that surpasses conventional turbine values. Experimental results conducted at the coastal and agricultural areas showed that the hybrid turbine achieved a wind power (P_wind) of 705.6 W and produced an output power (P_out) of 79 W, with a Cp value of 0.112. This indicates that approximately 11.2% of the total wind energy was successfully converted into electrical energy. The maximum output power of the hybrid system reached 27 W at a wind speed of 7 m/s, producing a voltage of 10.5 V and a current of 3.7 A. At 6 m/s, the generated power was 17 W, while at lower wind speeds between 1–2 m/s, it still produced power in the range of 0–0.1 W. The designed hybrid wind turbine shows strong potential as an effective alternative energy solution to support food security systems, especially in coastal areas with abundant wind resources.