Pengembangan Alat Filtrasi Air Portabel Dari Bahan Alami Dengan Teknologi Funnel Multi-Stage Untuk Mengurangi Kadar TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) Dan Mengoptimalkan Kadar pH

Abstract

This research aims to develop a portable water filtration device made from natural materials using multi-stage funnel technology to reduce Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and optimize water pH in accordance with clean water quality standards. The prototype was designed using lightweight and corrosion-resistant aluminum as the main structure and utilized natural filtration media such as silica sand, activated sand, zeolite, ferrolite, activated carbon, and manganese greensand. Tests were conducted at the Fluid Mechanics Laboratory of the Department of Aeronautics, Indonesian Air Force Academy, and through field trials on several water sources, including rivers, Segaran Pond, water fountains, and groundwater. The results showed that the multi-stage system effectively stabilized the pH within the neutral range (6.5–8.5) and reduced TDS levels to near the WHO standard (<500 ppm) as stated in the Ministry of Health Regulation No. 32 of 2017. Compared to previous designs, this device offers advantages in portability, minimal leakage, easy assembly, and optimal filtration rate. Therefore, this multi-stage funnel innovation has great potential as a practical, efficient, and environmentally friendly solution for providing clean water, particularly in military operations, outdoor activities, and emergency conditions.